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Information Artifact Ontology (IAO) OWL Ontology

Local reference identifier: xwkont:ref:iao-owl Slug: iao-owl Editorial status: candidate Created: 2026-07-01 Modified: 2026-07-01

Descriptive Metadata

Field Value Notes
Title Information Artifact Ontology (IAO) An OWL ontology, not a paper — cited as a primary source document per ADR-0012's provisions for non-paper artifacts, following the same pattern as xwkont:ref:gangemi-dul.
Creator OBO Foundry IAO working group (Alan Ruttenberg and others, per in-file attribution comments) The ontology's foundational theory is due to Barry Smith and Werner Ceusters — see xwkont:ref:ceusters-smith-2015.
Contributor unknown
Publisher OBO Foundry / GitHub (information-artifact-ontology/IAO)
Source type OWL ontology (machine-readable, not a paper)
Version or edition fetched from the master branch, 2026-07-01
Identifier or URL https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/blob/master/iao.owl, PURLs under http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_*
Access date 2026-07-01
Snapshot / Stable identifier unknown — not yet archived Checked the Wayback Machine for both the raw GitHub file actually fetched and the canonical purl.obolibrary.org/obo/iao.owl PURL; neither has an archived snapshot as of 2026-07-01. A snapshot of the GitHub blob view (rendered HTML, not the raw file) does exist, but per ADR-0012 this is not fabricated as a substitute since it is not the same byte stream that was actually quoted from.
Rights/license unknown Not verified in this pass.

Source Relation Notes

This is the actual machine-readable IAO ontology, distinct from xwkont:ref:ceusters-smith-2015 (the Smith & Ceusters 2015 paper that argues for and explains IAO's theoretical foundations). Cite this reference for IAO's exact class IRIs and formal definitions; cite the 2015 paper for the surrounding theoretical justification and discussion of aboutness.

Rights and License Notes

Not verified in this pass. Treat as unknown rather than guessed.

Citation and Locator Notes

Recommended citation: Information Artifact Ontology (IAO). OBO Foundry. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/iao.owl.

Directly verified 2026-07-01 by fetching the OWL/XML source directly (plain-text RDF, no PDF-extraction workaround needed) and grepping for the relevant class definition.

Key finding used in docs/crosswalks/concepts/information-artifact.md: IAO_0000030 ("information content entity") is defined as rdfs:subClassOf http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000031 (BFO's Generically Dependent Continuant), with definition: "A generically dependent continuant that is about some thing." This confirms xwkont:ref:ceusters-smith-2015's prose definition and supplies the exact class IRI, previously recorded as unknown in the crosswalk's Source Ontology Correspondences table.